Each is its own Red Seal trade with its own Interprovincial Standards Examination. In Ontario, all three are classified as voluntary (non-compulsory) — you can operate this equipment without a Certificate of Qualification, but most union contractors, oil sands operators, and major civil works contractors require it or significant equivalent experience.
The provincial picture varies. Ontario: voluntary certification through Skilled Trades Ontario, 2,260 on-the-job hours plus 300 in-school for each sub-trade. Alberta: Heavy Equipment Operator is not a designated trade — operator training is delivered through industry, the Operating Engineers (IUOE Local 955), or operator-specific programs, and many Alberta operators still pursue Red Seal endorsement through challenges or out-of-province apprenticeships. British Columbia: through SkilledTradesBC, voluntary. Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and Quebec vary; Quebec uses CCQ machinery operator competency cards (Opérateur de machinerie de chantier).
The most common operator background in Canada is trained through a contractor, IUOE local, or private operator school, with Red Seal endorsement added through equivalency assessment after substantial work history. List the path you actually took. "Journeyperson" is the standard provincial term. "Journeyman" still appears in job postings.